Introduction; 1. Days and nights in wartime Russia Richard Stites; 2. German culture in the Great War Peter Jelavich; 3. Culture in Poland during World War I Harold B. Segel; 4. Jewish cultural identity in Eastern and central Europe during the Great War Aviel Roshwald; 5. The tragic carnival: Austrian culture in the First World War Steven Beller; 6. Ambivalent patriots: Czech culture in the Great War Claire Nolte; 7. Culture in Hungary during World War I Joseph Held; 8. Culture in the south Slavic lands, 1914–1918 Andrew Wachtel; 9. Between apology and denial: Bulgarian culture during World War I Evelina Kelbetcheva; 10. Romania: war, occupation, liberation Maria Bucur; 11. Occupation, propaganda, and the idea of Belgium Sophie de Schaepdrijver; 12. Cultural life in France, 1914–1918 Marc Ferro; 13. The impact of World War I on Italian political culture Walter L. Adamson; 14. Popular culture in wartime Britain Jay Winter; Conclusion.